The following kinship terms are mainly in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski. Dialectal variations will be added to the database at a later point. Note: forms in italics are spelt using the proposed Burushaski Roman alphabet; phonetic transcriptions using (modified) IPA are provided within angled brackets “[]”].
| English | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| brother (same sex sibling) | acro [ac̣o] ‘my brother’ gocro [goc̣o] ‘your brother’ ecro [ec̣o]/ mocro [moc̣o] ‘his/her brother’ |
mecro [mec̣o] ‘our brother’ macro [mac̣o] ‘your brother’ ocro [oc̣o] ‘their eye’ |
| daughter-in- law | axakin [axakin] ‘my daughter-in- law’ guxakin [guxakin] ‘your daughter-in- law’ ixakin [ixakin]/ muxakin [muxakin] ‘his/her daughter-in- law’ |
mixakin [mixakin] ‘our daughter-in- law’ maxakin [maxakin] ‘your daughter-in- law’ uxakin [uxakin] ‘their daughter-in- law’ |
| son-in-law | arar [arar] ‘my son-in-law’ gorar [gorar] ‘your son-in-law’ erar [erar]/ morar [morar] ‘his/her son-in-law’ |
merar [merar] ‘our son-in-law’ marar [marar] ‘your son-in-law’ orar [orar] ‘their son-in-law’ |
| Father-in-law of son/daughter |
asildir [asildir] ‘the father-in-law of my child’ gusildir [gusildir] ‘the father-in-law of your child’ isildir [isildir]/ musildir [musildir] ‘the father-in-law of his/her child’ |
misildir [misildir] ‘the father-in-law of our child’ masildir [masildir] ‘the father-in-law of your child’ usildir [usildir] ‘the father-in-law of their child’ |
| Mother-in-law of son/daughter |
asilgus [asilgus] ‘the mother-in-law of my child‘ gusilgus [gusilgus] ‘the mother-in-law of your child’ isilgus [isilgus]/ musilgus [musilgus] ‘the mother-in-law of his/her child’ |
misilgus [misilgus] ‘the mother-in-law of our child’ masilgus [masilgus] ‘the mother-in-law of your child’ usilgus [usilgus] ‘the mother-in-law of their child’ |
| husband | ooyar [ooyar] ‘my husband’ guuyar [guuyar] ‘your husband’muuyar [muuyar] ‘her husband’ |
miiyarisho [miiyarišo] ‘our husband’ mooyarisho [mooyarišo] ‘your husband’ ooyarisho [ooyarišo] ‘their husband’ |
| wife | oos [oos] ‘my wife’ guus [guus] ‘your wife’ yuus [yuus] ‘his wife’ |
miis [miis] ‘our wife’ moos [moos] ‘your wife’ uus [uus] ‘their husband’ |
| husband’s brother’s wife | amanggus [amaŋgus] ‘my husband’s brother’s wife’ gumanggus [gumaŋgus] ‘your husband’s brother’s wife’mumanggus [mumaŋgus] ‘her husband’s brother’s wife’ |
mimanggus [mimaŋgus] ‘our husband’s brother’s wife’ mamanggus [mamaŋgus] ‘your husband’s brother’s wife’ umanggus [umaŋgus] ‘their husband’s brother’s wife’ |
| sister | ayas [ayas] ‘my sister’ guyas [guyas] ‘your sister’ iyas [iyas] ‘his sister’ |
miyas [miyas] ‘our sister’ mayas [mayas] ‘your sister’ uyas [uyas] ‘their sister’ |
| father | ayra [aṛa] ‘my father’ guu [guu] ‘your father’ muu [muu]/ yuu [yuu] ‘his/her father’ |
miyyru [miyṛu] ‘our father’ mayru [maṛu] ‘your father’ uu [uu] ‘their father’ |
| mother | ami [ami] ‘my mother’ gumi [gumi] ‘your mother’ imi [imi]/ mumi [mumi] ‘his/her mother’ |
mimi [mimi] ‘our mother’ mami [mami] ‘your mother’ umi [umi] ‘their mother’ |
| son | eyi [eyi] ‘my son’ guyi [guyi] ‘your son’ iyi [iyi]/ muyi [muyi] ‘his/her son’ |
miyi [miyi] ‘our son’ meyi [meyi] ‘your son’ uyi [uyi] ‘their son’ |
| daughter | ay [ay] ‘my daughter’ goy [goy] ‘your daughter’ ey [ey]/ moy [moy] ‘his/her daughter’ |
mey [mey] ‘our daughter’ may [may] ‘your daughter’ oy [oy] ‘their daughter’ |
| brother of a female | oolus [oolus] ‘my brother of a female’
guulus [guulus] ‘your brother of a female’ muulus [muulus] ‘his brother of a female’ |
miilus [miilus] ‘our brother of a female’ moolus [moolus] ‘your brother of a female’ uulus [uulus] ‘their brother of a female’ |
| brother/sister in law | arik [arik] ‘my brother/sister in law’ gurik [gurik] ‘your brother/sister in law’ irik [irik]/ murik [murik] ‘his/her brother/sister in law’ |
mirik [mirik] ‘our brother/sister in law’ marik [marik] ‘your brother/sister in law’ urik [urik] ‘their brother/sister in law’ |
| nephew/niece | asaghun [asaɣun] ‘my nephew/niece’ gusaghan [gusaɣun] ‘your nephew/niece’ isaghun [isaɣun]/ musaghun [musaɣun] ‘his/her nephew/niece’ |
misaghun[misaɣun] ‘our nephew/niece’ masaghun [masaɣun] ‘your nephew/niece’ usaghun [usaɣun] ‘their nephew/niece’ |
| aunt (father’s sister) | anco [anco] ‘my aunt (father’s sister)’ gunco [gunco] ‘your aunt (father’s sister)’ inco [inco]/ munco [munco] ‘his/her aunt (father’s sister)’ |
minco [minco] ‘our aunt (father’s sister)’ manco [manco] ‘your aunt (father’s sister)’ unco [unco] ‘their aunt (father’s sister)’ |
| foster father | oosham ayra [oošam aɻa] ‘my foster father’ guusham guu [guušam guu] ‘your foster father’ yuusham yuu [yuušam yuu]/ muusham muu [muušam muu] ‘his/her foster father’ |
miyusham miyu [miyušam miyu] ‘our foster father’ moosham maw [moošam maw] ‘your foster father’ uusham uu [uušam uu] ‘their foster father’ |
| foster mother | oosham ami [oošam ami] ‘my foster mother’ guusham gumi [guušam gumi] ‘your foster mother’ yuusama imi [yuusama imi]/ muusham mumi [muušam mumi] ‘his/her foster mother’ |
miyusham mimi [miyušam mimi] ‘our foster mother’ moosham mami [moošam mami] ‘your foster mother’ uusham umi [uušam umi] ‘their foster mother’ |
| father in law | aaskir [aaskir] ‘my father in law’ gooskir [gooskir] ‘your father in law’ eeskir [eeskir]/ mooskir [mooskir] ‘his/her father in law’ |
meeskir [meeskir] ‘our father in law’ maaskir [maaskir] ‘your father in law’ ooskir [ooskir] ‘their father in law’ |
| mother in law | aaskus [aaskus] ‘my mother in law’ gooskus [gooskus] ‘your mother in law’ eeskus [eeskus]/ mooskus [mooskus] ‘his/her mother in law’ |
meeskus [meeskus] ‘our mother in law’ maaskus [maaskus] ‘your mother in law’ ooskus [ooskus] ‘their mother in law’ |
| moms parents | apkuc [apkuc] ‘my moms parents’ gopkuc [gopkuc] ‘your moms parents’ epkuc [epkuc]/ mopkuc [mopkuc] ‘his/her moms parents’ |
mepkuc [mepkuc] ‘our moms parents’ mapkuc [mapkuc] ‘your moms parents’ opkuc [opkuc] ‘their moms parents’ |
| in-laws | aasting [aastiŋ] ‘my in-laws’ goosting [goostiŋ] ‘your in-laws’ eesting [eestiŋ]/ moosting [moost̪iŋ] ‘his/her in-laws’ |
meesting [meestiŋ] ‘our in-laws’ maasting [maastiŋ] ‘your in-laws’ oosting [oostiŋ] ‘their in-laws’ |
| mother’s brother | anggo [aŋgo] ‘my mother’s brother’ gunggo [guŋgo] ‘your mother’s brother’ inggo [iŋgo]/ munggo [muŋgo] ‘his/her mother’s brother’ |
minggo [miŋgo] ‘our mother’s brother’ manggo [maŋgo] ‘your mother’s brother’ unggo [uŋgo] ‘their mother’s brother’ |
| grand child | amis [amis] ‘my grand child’ gomis [gomis] ‘your grand child’ emis [emis]/ momis [momis] ‘his/her grand child’ |
memis [memis] ‘our grand child’ mamis [mamis] ‘your grand child’ omis [omis] ‘their grand child’ |
| mother’s younger brother or brother’s wife | jot nana [ǰot nana] | |
| mother’s middle brother or brother’s wife | makuchim nana [makučim nana] | |
| mother’s elder brother or brother’s wife | uyum nana [uyum nana] | |
| father’s younger brother | jot ayra [ǰot aṛa] | |
| father’s middle brother | makuchim ayra [makučim aṛa] | |
| father’s elder brother | uyum ayra [uyum aṛa] | |
| mother’s younger sister | jot mama [ǰot mama] | |
| mother’s middle sister | makuchim mama [makučim mama] | |
| mother’s elder sister | uyum mama [uyum mama] | |